Title | Neuronal expression of soluble adenylyl cyclase in the mammalian brain. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2013 |
Authors | Chen J, Martinez J, Milner TA, Buck J, Levin LR |
Journal | Brain Res |
Volume | 1518 |
Pagination | 1-8 |
Date Published | 2013 Jun 26 |
ISSN | 1872-6240 |
Keywords | Adenylyl Cyclases, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Astrocytes, Axons, Brain, Dendritic Spines, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Neurons |
Abstract | Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a critical and ubiquitous second messenger involved in a multitude of signaling pathways. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a novel source of cAMP subject to unique localization and regulation. It was originally discovered in mammalian testis and found to be activated by bicarbonate and calcium. sAC has been implicated in diverse processes, including astrocyte-neuron metabolic coupling and axonal outgrowth of neurons. However, despite these functional studies, demonstration of sAC protein expression outside of testis has been controversial. Recently, we showed sAC immunoreactivity in astrocytes, but the question of neuronal expression of sAC remained. We now describe the generation of a second sAC knockout mouse model (C2KO) designed to more definitively address questions of sAC expression, and we demonstrate conclusively using immune-electron microscopy that sAC is expressed in neuronal profiles in the central nervous system. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.027 |
Alternate Journal | Brain Res. |
PubMed ID | 23611875 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC3679342 |
Grant List | NS55255 / NS / NINDS NIH HHS / United States DA08259 / DA / NIDA NIH HHS / United States HL096571 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States T32 DA007274 / DA / NIDA NIH HHS / United States T32DA007274 / DA / NIDA NIH HHS / United States R01 DA008259 / DA / NIDA NIH HHS / United States R01 GM062328 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States R01 HL098351 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 NS055255 / NS / NINDS NIH HHS / United States R01 HD059913 / HD / NICHD NIH HHS / United States HD059913 / HD / NICHD NIH HHS / United States HL098351 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States GM007739 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States P01 HL096571 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States T32 GM007739 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States GM62328 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States R01 HD040260 / HD / NICHD NIH HHS / United States |